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An infrared heater or heat lamp is a body with a higher temperature which transfers energy to a body with a lower temperature through electromagnetic radiation. Depending on the temperature of the emitting body, the wavelength of the peak of the infrared radiation ranges from to 1 mm. No contact or medium between the two bodies is needed for the energy transfer. Infrared heaters can be operated in vacuum or atmosphere. One classification of infrared heaters is by the wavelength bands of infrared emission. * Short wave or near infrared for the range from to , these emitters are also named bright because still some visible light is emitted; * Medium infrared for the range between and ; * Far infrared or dark emitters for everything above . ==History== British astronomer Sir William Herschel is credited with the discovery of infrared in 1800. He made an instrument called a spectrometer to measure the magnitude of radiant power at different wavelengths. This instrument was made from three pieces. The first was a prism to catch the sunlight and direct and disperse the colors down onto a table, the second was a small panel of cardboard with a slit wide enough for only a single color to pass through it and finally, three mercury-in-glass thermometers. Through his experiment Herschel found that red light had the highest degree of temperature change in the light spectrum, however, infrared heating was not commonly used until World War II. During World War II infrared heating became more widely used and recognized. The main applications were in the metal finishing fields, particularly in the curing and drying of paints and lacquers on military equipment. Banks of lamp bulbs were used very successfully but by today's standards, the power intensities were very low. The technique offered much faster drying times than the fuel convection ovens of the time. Production bottlenecks were mitigated and military supplies to the armed forces were maintained. After World War II the adoption of infrared heating techniques continued but on a much slower basis. In the mid 1950s the motor vehicle industry began to show interest in the capabilities of infrared for paint curing and a number of production line infrared tunnels came into use. 〔White, Jack R. Herschel and the Puzzle of Infrared. Tech. 3rd ed. Vol. 100. N.p.: n.p., n.d. Research Port. Web. 16 Apr. 2013.〕〔Arnquist, W. "Survey of Early Infrared Developments." Proceedings of the IRE 47.9 (1959): 1420-430. Print.〕〔Technology Guidebook for Electric Infrared Process Heating, Cincinnati: Infrared Equipment Association,1993. Battelle Columbus Division, Electric〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Infrared heater」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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